Social Philosophy

 GLOSSARY

Chapter 1

Philosophy

-           combination of Greek words, ‘philos’ means love and ‘sophia’ which means wisdom.

Speculation

-           theorizing, conjecture commercial activity involving serious risk in the hope of large profits.

Epistemology

-           concerns the nature and scope of knowledge.

Ethics

-          came from ‘ethos’ which means ‘norms’.

Telos

-           end

Metaphysics

-          study of the nature and realities of being.  

Reflection

-          reflecting or being reflected.

-          To be in accordance with and give an insight into.

Aesthetics

-          Study of beauty and taste

-          Study of art and beauty

Etymology

-          deals with the origin of word

Axiology

-          philosophy advocating value judgments embracing ethics and aesthetics

 Chapter 2

Social Philosophy

-          deals with the concept and principles regarding the society in relation to moral, spiritual and cultural standards

Postulate

-          a truth that has been proven by one science and has taken into or used by another science

Sodus

-          companion

Being-for-others

-          people work for other

-          other people use the product of others labor

-          vice versa of being-through-others

In-der-welt-sein

-          being in the world

Sociology

-          study of the origin; history and the structure of human society and its institutions

Contemporary

-          belonging to the same time

-          contemporaneous

Dasein

-          german word of ‘being’ in its ontological and philosophical sense

Being-through-others

-          everyone need other people to live, people use the work/product of other people

Ordre de Coeur

-          order of the heart

Chapter 3

Ideology

-          an organized collection of ideas

Consanguineous

-          related by blood

-          descended from the some ancestor

Truncated

-          to shorten by cutting off the top or end

Stratification

                -the formation of strata the condition of being stratified

o   stratified

§  to arrange or from in strata

o   strata

§  a roughly horizontal layer of homogeneous material with its surfaces parallel to those of layers of material with its surfaces parallel to those of layers of material of different kinds on either the world

Eschatology

-          branch of theology which deals with the final end of man ad of the world

Egalitarian

-          holding the view that all men have equal social and political rights

-          someone who holds the view

Weltanschauung

-          refers to a wide world perception

o   welt

§  german word for ‘world’

o   anshauung

§  view/outlook

Efficient Cause

-          the immediate producer of a change

Final Cause

-          the end or purpose of a thing

 

Chapter 4

Connatural

-          inborn-inherit

-          innate- belonging to a person’s nature of the same nature, cognate having a common ancestor or origin

Stoic

-          a person who endures hardship and adversity with fortitude

Belligerence

-          aggressiveness

Collusion

-          a dishonest, secret agreement

-          a fraudulent secret agreement between litigating parties especially one between man and wife to commit an offense to obtain divorce

Corollary

-          a      proposition which can be inferred from one  already proved as self- evidently true

-          natural consequence or result

Recalcitrant

-          Refusing to submit to authority, rules etc.

-          (of a substance or machine) resisting efforts at control

-          (med) unresponsive to treatment

Alienable

-          Capable of being alienated – to cause (affection) to be withdrawn

-          To cause (someone) to withdraw affection

-          (law) to transfer (property, title)

-          To loose  or give up (some natural right)

Asceticism

-          Theory or practice of an ascetic – practicing self –discipline with a view to spiritual improvement, especially by learning to do which things good in themselves

Synderesis

-          Natural capacity or disposition of the practical reason to apprehend intuitively the universal first principles of human action 

 Chapter 5

Rarefaction

-          A rarefying or being rarefied to make rare; to make subtle

Dubitable

-          Open to doubts; open to question

Strife

-          A condition of enmity often arising out or rivalry prolonged struggle for power or superitry discord

Cosmogonists

-          Someone specializing in cosmogony

o   Cosmogony

§  The origin of the universe

§  A theory of its origin

Flux

-          The act of flowing; the condition of continuously changing; a substance added to another to give a lower melting point and promote fusion

Fallacy

-          A false notion; a piece of false reasoning, the quality in reasoning of being false or unsound

Urstoff

-          German word; ‘prime matter’

Hylozoists

-           Canadian instrumental node super group

o   Hylozoism  

§  The doctrine that all matter is endowed with life

Apeiror

-          Greek word ‘unlimited’, infinite; indefinite

Doxa

-          Beliefs; opinion

Chapter 6

 Endowment

-          The act of endowing (with money or other property)

-          The money or properly so given

-          A natural gift or ability

o   Endow

§  To give money or other property for the permanent upkeep or benefit of (an institution, organization. etc)

Impunity

-          Immunity to or exemption from punishment

Appetitive

-          Relating to or characterized by appetite – a natural desire to satisfy hunger

Allegory

-          A work of art in which a deeper meaning underlies the superficial or literal meaning; the carrying of one meaning by another In this way

Mimetic

-          Exhibiting mimicry; pertaining to mime

o   Mimic

§  Copying or imitating something

§  Someone who imitates  others, often satirically

o   Mime

§  Form of entertainment in which story and emotion are conveyed by gesture only, without words, but often with music and décor

Adjudication

-          The action of adjudicating a judge’s decision decree in bankrupt insolvent

o   Adjucate / adjucating

§  To determine (an issue) judicially; to act as judge in a context

Spirited

-          Lively; showing creative energy; full of energy and courage; having a storing, assertive personality

-          Having specified character, quality

Artisans

-          A trained craftsman, example a printer, cabinet maker, filter

Matriculation

-          Registered or added to a list

o   Matriculate

§  To enroll in a university or college

Rectificatory

-          A rectifying or being rectified

o   Rectified

§  To set right, correct

§  To correct by calculation or adjustment

Chapter 7

 Pantheism

-          The belief or theory that god and the universe are identical

Skeptic

-           A person who doubts the truth of anything, especially of that which others accept as true

Eclectic

-          Taking from different sources what seems must suitable for ones purpose

Unconventional

o   Un – prefix not, lack of opposite

o   Conventional – depending on or deriving from convention

Dogmatic

-          Of or relating to dogma doctrinal

o   Dogma

§  A basic doctrinal point in religion or philosophy

Cynic

-          Someone who believes that self interest is the motive of all human conduct

Epicurean

-          Pertaining to Epicurus and his followers

-          Of or appealing to an epicure

o   Epicure

§  A discriminating person, especially one who cultivates and enjoys his taste for the best in food and drinks

Syncretic

-          Attempted reconciliation of conflicting or opposite beliefs example in philosophy or religion especially undeitically

-          The development  of a religion by the subsuming of older forms

Abdication

-          The renouncing of power or high office, especially of kingship

Contemporary

-          Belonging to the same time, contemporaneous

Chapter 8

 Patristic

-          Of or relating to the fathers of the Christian church or to their writings

Medieval

-          Relating to or characteristics of the middle age

Gentiles

-          Not Jewish especially Christian

Subjugate

-          To conquer and hold in subjection

Scriptures

-          The bible (usually omitting the apocrypha)

-          A passage in the bible

-          The study of the bible

-          The sacred writing or books of our religion

Scholasticism

-          The synthesis of Aristotelian philosophy and Christian revelation in medieval European thought.

-          It sought to resolve the conflict of faith and reason and of nominal’s and realism, and to establish proof of the existence of god

o   Scholastic

§  Pertaining to the schoolmen and their methods of discussion

Pagan

-          A heathen, especially one who worshipped the gods of ancient Greece and Rome

-          Pertaining to or characteristics

Celestial

-          Pertaining to the sky or heavens

-          Pertaining to a spiritual heaven, heavenly, divine

Ineffable

-          Incapable of being expressed or adequately described

Predilection

-          A special taste or liking

Chapter 9

State of nature

-          Term used in social contract theories to describe the hypothetical condition of humanity before the state foundation

Rectify

-          To put right, to rplace by something more right or just

Imperative

-          Which must at all costs be obeyed or which cannot in any maybe ignored

Progenitor

-          An ancestor of a person; an originator of an idea or theory

Inimical

-          Hostile; harmful; unfavorable

Arbitrary

-          Arrived at without allowing argument or objection

Postulate

-          An assumption; hypothesis to demand; to require as an essential

Federative

-          of or relating to federation

Prerogative

-          an exclusive right or privilege possessed by a person or body of persons

Vox Populi Vox Dei

-          the voice of the people is the voice of god

 

Chapter 10

Propinquity

-          nearness in place or time

-          nearness of kinship

Felicity

-          marked aptness or grace of language

-          a well-chosen expression

Infallibility

-          the quality or state of being infallible

o   infallible

§  incapable of error

§  never failing

Pragmatic

-          of or relating to pragmatism

-          dealing with events in the light of practical lessons or applications

Perplexity

-          the quality or state of being perplexed

o   perplex

§  to make (someone) uncertain about the nature of, or the reason for or answer to, something difficult to understand

Fecundity

-          quality or state of being fecund

o   fecund

§  prolific , fertile, rich in inventive power

Prejudice

-          a preconceived opinion, usually unfavorable; the holding of such an opinion; an unjustified and unreasonable bias

Rationale

-          the logical justifying grounds for something

Conspicuous

-          very readily perceived; attracting attention

Discernible

            -          to see, or to make out through any f the see ; perceive with the mind 

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